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class="sidebar-link">附-克隆虚拟机</a></li><li><a href="/pages/d6a25e/" class="sidebar-link">附-配置ssh</a></li><li><a href="/pages/b7cbff/" class="sidebar-link">附-安装JDK</a></li><li><a href="/pages/8d2a7b/" class="sidebar-link">附-防火墙设置</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>基础</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>shell</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><a href="/pages/70cc06/" class="sidebar-link">面试与总结</a></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-0c557b5e><div class="articleInfo" data-v-0c557b5e><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-0c557b5e><li data-v-0c557b5e><a href="/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-0c557b5e></a></li> <li data-v-0c557b5e><a href="/note/linux/#System-Linux" data-v-0c557b5e>System-Linux</a></li><li data-v-0c557b5e><a href="/note/linux/#安装" data-v-0c557b5e>安装</a></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-0c557b5e><div title="作者" class="author iconfont icon-touxiang" data-v-0c557b5e><a href="https://github.com/shetengteng" target="_blank" title="作者" class="beLink" data-v-0c557b5e>Shetengteng</a></div> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-0c557b5e><a href="javascript:;" data-v-0c557b5e>2022-02-22</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><!---->安装Centos<!----></h1>  <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><p>系统的安装分两个步骤</p> <ul><li>第一步得配置一台电脑，选配CPU，内存，磁盘，网卡等硬件</li> <li>第二步安装系统</li></ul> <h2 id="下载地址"><a href="#下载地址" class="header-anchor">#</a> 下载地址</h2> <p>http://mirrors.163.com/centos/</p> <p>https://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/</p> <p>选择需要安装的版本，如centos-7.5</p> <h2 id="配置电脑"><a href="#配置电脑" class="header-anchor">#</a> 配置电脑</h2> <h3 id="进入vmware"><a href="#进入vmware" class="header-anchor">#</a> 进入VMware</h3> <p>双击VMware图标，看到如下界面</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos1.80841fb6.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="自定义新的虚拟机"><a href="#自定义新的虚拟机" class="header-anchor">#</a> 自定义新的虚拟机</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos2.fc1a8d96.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="解决虚拟机兼容性"><a href="#解决虚拟机兼容性" class="header-anchor">#</a> 解决虚拟机兼容性</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos3.b749f96e.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="选择当前虚拟机的操作系统"><a href="#选择当前虚拟机的操作系统" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择当前虚拟机的操作系统</h3> <p>先配置电脑，再安装系统</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos4.ecab03c1.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="选择虚拟机将来需要安装的系统"><a href="#选择虚拟机将来需要安装的系统" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择虚拟机将来需要安装的系统</h3> <p>因为不同的操作系统需要解决不同的兼容性问题，所以需要选择将来用什么系统，提前做适配</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos5.77c258e5.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="配置电脑-2"><a href="#配置电脑-2" class="header-anchor">#</a> 配置电脑</h3> <p>给电脑取个名字，并存放在物理机的位置在哪</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos6.881ade14.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="选择cpu的个数"><a href="#选择cpu的个数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择CPU的个数</h3> <p>原则选满（跟物理机的CPU个数相同，但是不能超过）</p> <ul><li>查看物理机CPU个数 Windows10为例</li></ul> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos7.4f8ff318.png" alt=""></p> <ul><li>设置虚拟机处理器的数量</li></ul> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos8.2db5dbd6.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="设置虚拟机的内存"><a href="#设置虚拟机的内存" class="header-anchor">#</a> 设置虚拟机的内存</h3> <p>内存大小有一定要求，建议4G，不能给太多，后期会有多台虚拟机同时启动</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos9.9e9b4f95.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="选择虚拟机上网方式"><a href="#选择虚拟机上网方式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择虚拟机上网方式</h3> <ul><li>选择NAT的方式</li></ul> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos10.2f670944.png" alt=""></p> <ul><li>没有VMware之前物理机的网络适配器信息（每个人不同，我只有3个）</li></ul> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos11.0534f329.png" alt=""></p> <ul><li>安装VMware之后物理机的网络适配器信息（会多两个vmnet1和vmnet8）
<ul><li>注：vmnet8是虚拟机使用NAT模式上网的网卡</li></ul></li></ul> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos12.c96fa2e3.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="选择对应的文件系统的io方式"><a href="#选择对应的文件系统的io方式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择对应的文件系统的IO方式</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos13.3eaddd1d.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="选择磁盘的类型"><a href="#选择磁盘的类型" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择磁盘的类型</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos14.649846de.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="选择磁盘的种类"><a href="#选择磁盘的种类" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择磁盘的种类</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos15.6c26d13c.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="选择虚拟机的磁盘大小"><a href="#选择虚拟机的磁盘大小" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择虚拟机的磁盘大小</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos16.9af16720.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="虚拟机文件的存放位置"><a href="#虚拟机文件的存放位置" class="header-anchor">#</a> 虚拟机文件的存放位置</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos17.bbe87e44.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="电脑配置完毕"><a href="#电脑配置完毕" class="header-anchor">#</a> 电脑配置完毕</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos18.f5b78706.png" alt=""></p> <h2 id="安装系统"><a href="#安装系统" class="header-anchor">#</a> 安装系统</h2> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos19.c879bbcc.png" alt=""></p> <p>注意：在安装系统之前需要检查自己虚拟机的bios的虚拟化是否打开（大部分的电脑都是打开的，大家可以先尝试直接安装，如果出现错误再去调试，没有出错就不用管了）</p> <p>以下是查看虚拟机bios是否开启的方式</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos20.ba96eb23.png" alt=""></p> <p>如果bios虚拟化没有开启，重启电脑，在加载界面时按f1-f10,具体怎么进入得去查一下（按照自己电脑的型号去查）</p> <ul><li>修改虚拟化为开启（thinkpad为例）找到security 里面的VT并改成enabled</li> <li>注：如果虚拟化没有开启报的是以下错误</li></ul> <img src="/assets/img/centos21.cd31a8e9.png" style="zoom:67%;"> <h3 id="选择cd-dvd的方式安装系统"><a href="#选择cd-dvd的方式安装系统" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择cd/dvd的方式安装系统</h3> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos22.d647c602.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos23.b0580f2b.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="解决兼容性错误"><a href="#解决兼容性错误" class="header-anchor">#</a> 解决兼容性错误</h3> <p>注意：出现如下错误</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos24.8b7f6715.png" alt=""></p> <p>在windows以管理员身份运行powershell，并输入如下命令（window家庭版有效）后，重启计算机</p> <div class="language-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sh"><code>bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype off
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>注意该方式可以使用VMware，但是不能使用wsl2的内置linux系统，以及在windows上使用docker，如果要使用则需要重新执行如下命令，然后重启计算机（docker和VMware目前不能共存）</p> <div class="language-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sh"><code>bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype on
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id="系统安装引导界面"><a href="#系统安装引导界面" class="header-anchor">#</a> 系统安装引导界面</h3> <p>需要将鼠标点击进入界面中，但是鼠标会消失，此刻用键盘的上下键来控制选项，图标变白了表示当前选中的是哪个选项，然后敲回车，表示执行所选选项</p> <p>注意：如果这个时候需要鼠标，则使用ctrl+alt一起按呼出鼠标</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos25.b8654282.png" alt=""></p> <p>耐心等待它的安装</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos26.40904d8b.png" alt=""></p> <p>会自动跳转下面的界面</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos27.bcccb240.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="定制化内容"><a href="#定制化内容" class="header-anchor">#</a> 定制化内容</h3> <p>依次选择并配置</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos28.ec0280e3.png" alt=""></p> <h4 id="日期和时间"><a href="#日期和时间" class="header-anchor">#</a> 日期和时间</h4> <p>注意设置为当前最新的系统时间</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos29.bbeb8b56.png" alt=""></p> <h4 id="最小选择"><a href="#最小选择" class="header-anchor">#</a> 最小选择</h4> <p>安装GHOME（图形化界面的方式）注意图上标注的点击顺序</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos30.9ba4c40c.png" alt=""></p> <h4 id="安装位置-配置磁盘分区"><a href="#安装位置-配置磁盘分区" class="header-anchor">#</a> 安装位置-配置磁盘分区</h4> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos31.2c0413f1.png" alt=""></p> <p>手动添加分区</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos32.17199342.png" alt=""></p> <p>添加boot区 给上1G容量后点击添加挂载点</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos33.a1282774.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos34.77e808eb.png" alt=""></p> <p>添加swap交换分区</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos35.1d789e9d.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos36.82dfd122.png" alt=""></p> <p>配置根 <code>/</code> 目录</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos37.6a5930d7.png" alt=""></p> <p>根目录作为存储使用，将剩下的空间都给他（50 - 4 - 1）= 45</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos38.544d3ce7.png" alt=""></p> <p>3个分区都配置完毕过后可以点击完成</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos39.c9bf7cfa.png" alt=""></p> <p>分区配置完毕，点击接受更改</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos40.b570f4bf.png" alt=""></p> <h4 id="关闭kdump"><a href="#关闭kdump" class="header-anchor">#</a> 关闭kdump</h4> <p>本身虚拟机内存比较小，kdump会消耗一部分内存</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos41.919dabfc.png" alt=""></p> <h4 id="网络与主机名"><a href="#网络与主机名" class="header-anchor">#</a> 网络与主机名</h4> <p>主机名可以自定义</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos42.31a4c5e5.png" alt=""></p> <h4 id="security-policy"><a href="#security-policy" class="header-anchor">#</a> SECURITY POLICY</h4> <p>是否打开安全协议（开启与否都可以）</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos43.f74176e5.png" alt=""></p> <h4 id="开始安装"><a href="#开始安装" class="header-anchor">#</a> 开始安装</h4> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos44.b45e4c8b.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="设置root密码"><a href="#设置root密码" class="header-anchor">#</a> 设置root密码</h3> <p>安装时间比较长，大概需要10几分钟（设置root用户密码，一定要设置）</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos45.56094e1a.png" alt=""></p> <p>密码设置成什么自己决定，但是不要忘，建议使用（000000）</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos46.a276a089.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="虚拟机使用的引导界面"><a href="#虚拟机使用的引导界面" class="header-anchor">#</a> 虚拟机使用的引导界面</h3> <p>安装完成，重启虚拟机</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos47.336196fb.png" alt=""></p> <p>进入引导界面</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos48.65f4a60e.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos49.70f37281.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos50.656cc626.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos51.d1a6ff69.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos52.b4f778fa.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos53.249fda3f.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos54.becaa2b6.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos55.6c4f8026.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos56.6d999a0b.png" alt=""></p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos57.a7c081e4.png" alt=""></p> <h3 id="切换root用户"><a href="#切换root用户" class="header-anchor">#</a> 切换Root用户</h3> <p>当前登录的用户是刚刚创建的用户，权限会缺少，所以使用root，修改一些内容更加方便</p> <p><img src="/assets/img/centos58.99da6a20.png" alt=""></p> <p>切换root用户</p> <img src="/assets/img/centos59.14e50cd7.png" style="zoom:67%;"> <p>最后的用户变成root表示切换成功</p></div></div>  <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">Last Updated:</span> <span class="time">2022/04/01, 15:08:35</span></div></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><div class="page-nav-centre-wrap"><a href="/pages/6d6c30/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-prev"><div class="tooltip">安装VMware</div></a> <a href="/pages/8a563e/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-next"><div class="tooltip">配置网络</div></a></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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